The effects of water hardness are generally internal to the residence; examples are mineral deposits in the faucet aerator or in drawn samples from the tap, spotting of glassware, or scale build-up in various locations.

Hardness minerals such as calcium and magnesium remain dissolved in cold water, but become insoluble or show up as a solid material when water is heated, precipitating in the hot water system.

The following actions can assist in minimizing or alleviating water hardness issues: drain and flush water heater regularly; do not overheat water, maintain hot water temperature between 125 and 130 degrees F; replace water heater if it is older; consider the use of a water softener.